小学英语语法专题:个别过去时详解及练习
{ 一般过去时 }
一、定义:表示在的过去某个时间里所产生的动作或存在的状态。
二、构成:主语 + 动词的个别过去式 + 其他
1、在表示某个时间里存在的状态的句子,系动词用过式was,were组成。如:
eg:i was at home yesterday. 今天我在家。
2、在表示过去某个时间里发生的举措,用动词的过去式构成。如:
i visited my uncle yesterday. 今天我拜访了我的叔叔。
3.各种句式
(1)一般过去时的肯定陈述句:主语 + 动词已往式 + 宾语或表语。
He worked in Shanghai ten years ago.
(2)一般过去时的否定句:
a.主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 宾语。 (did + not = didn’t)
He didn’t do morning exercises yesterday.
b.主语 + wasn’t/weren’t +表语。
(was + not = wasn’t , were + not = weren’t)
He wasn’t an English teacher ten years ago.
(3)一般过去时的一般疑问句:
a.Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 宾语 ?
Did you study English in 1990 ?
b.Was/Were + 主语 + 表语 ?
Was he a pupil five years ago ?
(4)一般过去时的特殊疑问句:
a.特殊疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 宾语?
Where did your parents live five years ago?
What did you do last Sunday?
b.特殊疑问词 + were/was + 表语?
Who was at the zoo yesterday?
三、标志词:
yesterday 昨天 (yesterday+时间 last+时间)
ago 之前
before 在….之前
the day before yesterday 前天
just now 刚才
in+时间(in 1990)……
四:动词的一般过去时变化规律:
⑴ 一般情况直接在词尾加+ ed,
如:cook-cooked wash-washed
⑵ 以不发音的e 结尾的动词,在词尾+ d
如:like-liked live-lived
⑶ 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,双写最后一个字母再在词尾+ed
如:stop-stopped shop-shopped plan-planned 计划
⑷ 以辅音字母+y 结尾的动词,要改y 为 i 再加 ed
如:study-studied carry- carried 运送,搬运
另外须记不规则动词的一般过去时变形。
1、改变动词中的元音:
begin→began drink→drank come→came eat→ate grow→grew run→ran know→knew win→won speak→spoketake→took write→wrote get→got
2、变词尾的–d 为t :build→built lend→lent send→sent spend→spent bend→bent
3、与动词原形一样:cut→cut put→put cost→cost hurt→hurt shut→shut
4、变-ay 为-aid (少数动词):say→said pay→paid lay→laid
5、采用不同词根:sell→sold teach→taught buy→bought
6、其他。如:am/is→was are→were have/has→had do→did
一般过去时的做题步骤:
⑴ 先找到句子中表示一般过去时的标志词。
⑵ 确定句子的动词是用be动词还是行为动词。
专项练习
一、写出下列动词的过去式
1.am/is _____
2.do ____
3.go ________
4.have _______
5.isn’t _________
6. aren’t ________ 7.spend________
8.cook_______
9.read ________
10.clean _______
11.live _____
12.study_________
二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空
1. We _________ (enjoy) ourselves at the party last night.
2.Jack ____________ (study) for the English test last Sunday.
3._______ you ______ (go) to the Great Wall last year?
4. What day _______ (be) it yesterday?
5.The old man _______(be)ill and went to see a doctor.
6.We ________ (have) a party last night.
7.We __________ (visit) the museum and went home.
8.— How _______ (be) the students? — They were very friendly.
9.He often _______ (have) supper at home. Today he ______ (have) supper at school.
10.— ______ he _______ (have) lunch at nine? — No, he didn’t.
11.They _________(buy) a guitar yesterday.
三、句型转换
1. He came here last month. (改为否定句)
He _______ _______ here last month.
2.They played football this morning. (改为一般疑问句并作简略回答)
—______ they _______ football this morning?
—Yes, they _______./No, they _________ .
3.They went to Beijing last year. (就划线部分提问)
_________ _________ they ________ last year.
4.Tom watched TV last night. (改为一般疑问句)
_______ Tom _______ TV last night?
5.Mary does homework every day. (用 last night 改写句子)
Mary ________ ____________ _________ ________ .
本文链接: https://www.yizhekk.com/1251194335.html