高二 Test|七宝中学2020学年度高二第一学期英语期末测试
2020年度七宝中学高二第一学期英语期末测试
考试时间：120分钟 满分：140
I. ListeningComprehension (25分)
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aconversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on yourpaper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Impatient. B.Confused. C.Sincere. D. Comfortable.
2. A. In a restaurant. B.In a hotel. C.In a café. D. In a snack bar.
3. A. American literature. B.Elementary education.
C.Children’s literature. D. Art history.
4. A. She will continue her work onvacation. B. Papers piled while she was on vacation.
C.She has too much work to do. D.She has made her vacation plans.
5. A. The man can only make a localcall. B. The man can’tuse her telephone.
C.The man can call any person in the world. D.The man can be her guest at any time.
6. A. Because the working hourswere not suitable. B. Because the jobwas quite difficult.
C.Because he had to do a lot of travelling. D.Because the job was not well paid.
7. A. Finish checking hisreference. B.Complete the research.
C.Put the material in order. D.Finish typing the paper.
8. A. He’ll ask Steve to go to thebeach with them. B. He wants to makesure the weather is clear.
C.He doesn’t know if they can have a room. D.He isn’t sure whether there will be space for Steve.
9.A. Go on a trip. B.Take a long sail. C. Run a restaurant. D. Prepare a meal.
10. A. She only read the contentsof the book. B. She didn’t omita single detail.
C.She scanned the whole book. D.She read only some chapters of the book.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, youwill hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked severalquestions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and theconversation will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once.When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper anddecide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. The U.S. is not one of thehappiest countries in the world.
B.The U. S experienced a decline in happiness only from 2005 to 2007.
C.The U. S. is not included in the top 10 happiest countries.
D.The U. S. is among the 47 countries experiencing a decline in happiness.
12. A. Greece. B.Burundi. C.Denmark. D.Australia.
13. A. Quality education. B. Safety from crime. C. Good health. D.Wealth.
Questions14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Snowy. B.Cloudy. C. Smoggy. D. Rainy.
15. A. Red. B.Orange. C.Yellow. D. Blue.
16. A. Snow and rain have alreadybrought an end to the heavy smog.
B.Beijing has gone through two red alerts for smog.
C.Beijing’s PM2.5 levels became worse in 2015.
D.Winter months are the most polluted because of the increased use of cars.
Questions17 and 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. In the woman’s hometown. B. In the man’s hometown.
C.Outside their hometown. D. In a small town.
18. A. Choose whichever friend cangive the best toast.
B.Choose whichever friend can plan the reception.
C.Choose whichever friend knows all their in-laws.
D.Choose whichever friend can plan the rehearsal dinner.
19. A. The bride’s family. B. A wedding planner.
C.The groom’s family. D. The new couple.
20. A. She doesn’t think it is atradition.
B.She thinks it will cost too much to have a wedding planner.
C.She thinks her mother-in-law can plan the wedding well.
D.She doesn’t want a stranger to plan their wedding.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Grammar(1*20=20) (21-40)
Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanksto make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with agiven word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the otherblanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
(A)
Deepdiving exploration
While most photographers put theircameras away when the night’s dark curtain falls, Zhang Fan gathers hisequipment and starts his blackwater diving adventure.
Blackwater diving involvesphotographing small, free-floating (自由浮动的) ocean creatures thatmove up to the ocean’s surface (表面)after dark or in anyarea 21________ there is seemingly no bottom.
Still quite new in China, blackwaterdiving 22________ (date) back to 1984 in Hawaii, US.
From small eel larva (幼龄鳗鱼) to big, fierce greatwhite sharks, each of Zhang’s underwater photographs has a “wow” factor. Butthe story behind each photo adds more emotional value to the work 23________ .
“It is like meeting an old neighbor,”the 35-year-old photographer recalled, speaking of the touching moment when hereturned to a location after a long time only 24________ (see) the fishhe previously photographed still there.
While the underwater world 25________ seem fascinating, it’s not always afairy tale.
Zhang said that he encountered many dangerous moments underwater, including 26________(hit) as a sperm whale (抹香鲸) went by.But whatfascinated him most is that he can witness big and small changes in the oceanand 27________ these changes can tellhim about nature.
“Corals (珊瑚)are 28________ the first indicators ofclimate change. With the rise in temperature, corals have experienced a processcalled ‘bleaching (漂白)’, 29________ ________(2格) they lose their color and are dying. It isheartbreaking,” he explained.
This risky 30________ charming art has helped Zhang attract loads offans. His Sina Weibo account has more than 430,000 follower）.He hopes that his photos and videos can act as a wake-up call to protect ouroceans
(B)
Space exploration has always beenthe province of dreamers: The human imagination readily soars 31 ________ human ingenuity struggles to follow. A Voyageto the Moon, often cited as the first science fiction story, was written byCyrano de Bergerac in 1649.Cyrano was dead and buried for 32 ________ good three centuries before the first mannedrockets started to fly.
In 1961, when Kennedy declared thatAmerica 33 ________ (send) a man to the moon by the decade’s end, those words, too,had a dreamlike quality. They resonated with optimism and ambition in much thesame way as the most famous dream speech 34________ ________ (2格), delivered by MartinLuther King two years later. By the end of the decade, both visions 35 ________(yield) concrete results and transformed American society. And yet in many waysthe two dreams ended up 36 ________ odds with each other. The fight for racialand economic equality is intensely pragmatic and immediate in its impact. Theurge to explore space is just the opposite. It is figuratively and literallyotherworldly in its aims.
When the dust settled, the spacedreamers lost out. There was no grand follow-up to the Apollo missions. Thetechnologically compromised-space shuttle program has just come to an end, withno successor. The argument is that funds are tight, and 37 ________ we have more pressing problems here on Earth. Amidthe current concerns about the federal deficit, reaching toward the stars seemsa dispensable非必需的 luxury—38 ________ ________ (2格) saving one-thousandth of a singleyear’s budget would solve our problems.
But human ingenuity struggles onNASA is developing a series of robotic probes that will get the most bang froma buck. They will serve as modern Magellans, mapping out the solar “systemfor 39 ________ explorers follow, whetherman or machine. On the flip side, companies like Virgin Galactic are plotting abottom-up attack on the space dream by making it a reality to the public. Privatespace-flight 40 ________ lie withinreach of rich civilians in a few years. Another decade or two and it could gomainstream.
Section B Vocabulary (1*20=20) (41–60)
Directions: Fillin each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only beused once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
(A)
Most people get sweaty palms juststaring at El Capitan, a breathtaking rock formation in Yosemite National Park,California. Alex Honnold’s stayed dry. And this June, he managed to climb the900-meter vertical wall, pulling on edges barely big enough for ___41___.
Honnold could not ___42___ anyslips. That’s because he carried nothing other than a bag of gymnasts’ chalk,to keep his fingers free of moisture. There was no rope to ___43___ him if hefell. After a four-hour ___44___ of power and precision, the 31-year-old safelychallenged himself.
El Capitan had been climbed ___45___before, including by Honnold, but never in the way he has. In 2011, an AmericanTV show about his earlier “free solos” drew seventeen million viewers. Inclimbing, “free” means using nothing but rocks for support. “Solo” means freeof protection. It is the sport at its ___46___. In Yosemite, the birthplace ofAmerican climbing, Hannold has reached its peak. Praise from fellow climberswas ___47___ only by relief at his safe return.
The achievement marks the latest ina series of milestones for sport climbing（竞技攀岩）. In 2015, two otherAmericans Tommy Caldwell and Kevin Jorgeson, established a route up the DawnWall, El Capitan’s ___48___ part, after years of attempts. They made the frontpage of the New York Times and got congratulations from Barack Obama for theachievement. Last year, sport climbing was ___49___ accepted into the Olympicprogram for Tokyo 2020.
These have strengthened climbing’sposition in the sporting circle in America and elsewhere. Google has invitedJorgeson to give a motivational talk to its employees. Climbing gyms haveappeared around the globe over the past decade, making the event safer and more___50___ to ordinary people. The gyms have been particularly popular amongyoungsters, who pay more attention to experiences than to belongings.
(B)
|
SAOPAULO, Oct. 31 (Xinhua) — Media representatives from the BRICS countriesdiscussed the developmentof new media technologies and adopted an action plan to promote cooperation atthe fourth BRICS Media Forum here on Thursday.
The forum, which was held on Oct.30-31, gathered nearly 100 representatives from 55 ___51___ media organizations of the group’smember countries — Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. With thetheme of “Strengthening Media Cooperation in Building the BRICS Communitywith a Shared Future,” the forum, jointly organized by China’s Xinhua NewsAgency and Brazil’s CMA Group, is aimed at deepening media ___52___ and pragmatic cooperation among theBRICS countries.
Chen Peijie, China’s consul generalin Sao Paulo, said in her opening ceremony speech that the achievements ofBRICS cooperation and the bloc’s international influence cannot be separatedfrom the media’s efforts.
As the BRICS cooperation __53___its second “golden decade,” media cooperation will be crucial, shesaid. He Ping, editor-in-chief of Xinhua News Agency, said in a keynote speechat the event that the world is undergoing profound changes ___54___ in a century, and the BRICScountries need more than ever to take on global responsibilities.
As chroniclers of history, theBRICS media are ___55___ the importanttask of promoting cooperation and face a rare opportunity to work hand in handfor progress, He said. He proposed four ___56___ to strengthen the cooperation of the BRICS media. He suggestedthe BRICS media ___57___the bloc’s development, and actively reflectingeconomic, cultural, social and environmental achievements made by the BRICScountries. He then called for telling stories of people-to-people exchanges. Healso proposed ___58___a digital mediathat keeps pace with the times and jointly promote the development andapplication of new technologies. Moreover, He called for ___59___the areas ofexchanges and mutual assistance. He said the BRICS media need to expandcooperation in news reporting, professional training, personnel training,financial information services and think tank exchanges.
Jose Sanchez, co-chairman of theforum and president of financial information provider CMA Group, said in hisspeech that the media of the BRICS countries should ___60___ raise their voices to promote a more fairinternational public opinion landscape.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A Cloze: (1*15=15) (61–75)
Sometimes modern problems requireancient solutions.
A 1,400-year-old Peruvian method ofdiverting water could supply up to 40,000 Olympic-size swimming pool’s worth ofwater to Lima each year. It is one _61__ of how ancient methods could supportexisting modern ones in countries without enough water. Man-made reservoirsstore rainwater and water overflow for use during dries times. But reservoirsare costly, require years to plan and can still ___62___ to meet water needs.
Peru’s capital, Lima, depends onwater from rivers high in the Andes Mountains. It takes only a few days forwater to flow down to the city. So when the dry season begins in the mountains,the water supply quickly disappears. The city ___63__ this with modernstructures such as man-made reservoirs. These reservoirs are not the onlysolution, ___64___. Over a thousandyears ago, indigenous people developed another way to solve water problems.
Water diverted, ___65___
The 1,400-year-old system isdesigned to increase the water supply during the dry season by diverting andslowing water as it travels down the mountains. This ___66___-based method ismade of special canals that guide water from its source to a series of waterbodies and hillsides. The water goes ___67___ into the ground, then flowsdownhill through the soil and __68___ in water bodies near the community.
Its aim was to increase the water’stravel time from days to months in order to provide water throughout the dayseason. The researchers ___69___ how much the system slowed the flow of waterby injecting special dye in the highlands and noting when it reappeared inwater bodies. The dyed water started to __70___ two weeks later and continuedflowing for eight months—a huge __71__ over the hours or days it wouldnormally take.
__72___ increase in supply
The researchers next considered howusing a larger version of the system could help Lima. They combined what theylearned in Huamantanga with the knowledge of physical __73___ of Lima’ssurroundings. The resulting estimates say the system could increase Lima’sdry-season water supply by 7.5 percent overall and up to 33 percent at thestart of the dry season .
The system is also __74__ sound. Ochoa-Tocachi, a researcher, estimated that building canals similar to those inHuamantanga would cost 10 times less than building a reservoir of the samesize. He also said former highland societies in other parts of the world hadmethods for diverting and slowing water flow. And, they could use these methodstoday to support their __75___ modern methods.
61. A.sign B. example C. explanation D. theory
62. A. manage B. fail C. operate D. work
63. A. equips B.finances C. resolves D. constructs
64. A.furthermore B. however C. therefore D. moreover
65. A.promoted B. distributed C. dried D. delayed
66. A.nature B. economy C. welfare D. technology
67. A.swiftly B. deeply C. slowly D. rightly
68. A. reappears B. reserves C. reverses D. resumes
69. A.foretold B. measured C.estimated D. assumed
70. A.freeze B. fade C. surface D.flow
71. A.priority B. decline C. concern D. improvement
72. A.Considerate B. Slight C. Predictable D. Sizable
73. A.personalities B. qualities C. altitudes D. populations
74. A.geologically B. socially C. geographically D. economically
75. A.simpler B. costlier C. better D. safer
SectionB
Directions:Read the following three passages. Each passage isfollowed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them thereare four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best accordingto the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
We Buy Houses- Sell Houses Fast
* Do you want to sell a house fast?
* Have you recently been relocated and need afast home sale?
* Are you tired of the time consuming For Sale ByOwner process?
* Do you want to get Top Dollar for you Home?
We Buyand Sell Houses and Homes Fast – Any Condition
We willCall you today for a Fast, Free, No Obligation Consultation
We are anational group of real estate professionals
http://www.pcfinvestments.com/www/localoffices.htmthat specializes in helping home owners sell their home as quickly and easilyas possible. There is no upfront cost and no obligation because we are devotedto providing you with the best option for a_fast home sale. We routinely buyand sell all types of property, in any condition, and in most locations. Inmany cases we can close on your house quickly, often in 9 days or less, withall cash and at no cost to you.
We areexperienced professionals that can sell just about any house, no matter whattype, size, location, or condition. In fact, depending on the situation, we canoften make you an offer today and buy your house within 24 hours! We know thatselling your home can be an intimidating process, but we can help make it amuch easier, faster, and less stressful experience.
We wantto help you sell your house as quickly as possible. Our nationwide network ofknowledgeable real estate specialists are available to discuss in detail allavailable options, from quick cash closings to a more traditional listingarrangements. We understand that every situation is unique; therefore we do notprovide a one-size-fits-all solution. We want to work with you, understand yourneeds, and help. you find the best solution for your specific circumstances.
The bestpart is that our services are absolutely Free to you, the home owner. We wantto help you sell your house fast, and we want to help you today. There is NoObligation, No Risk, and No Cost for our services!
76. Whoare supposed to be interested in this advertisement?
A. Those whowant to buy a new house.
B. Those whoneed to rent an apartment.
C. Those whohave extra houses for sale.
D. Those whowant to have free houses.
77. Whichis the probable explanation for the underlined word “relocated”?
A. Borrowingmoney, from banks.
B. Moving to anew place.
C. Promoted.
D. Tired.
78. Whatcan be inferred from the advertisement?
A. It usuallytakes two weeks to sell a house.
B. They cansell all kinds of houses everywhere in the world.
C. They havefree consultants to answer your questions.
D. They can buyyou a new house within 24 hours.
B
Open data-sharers are still in theminority in many fields. Although many researchers broadly agree that publicaccess to raw data would accelerate science, because other scientists might beable to make advances not foreseen by the data’s producers, most are reluctantto post the results of their own labours online (see Nature 461, 160-163;2009). When Wolkovich, for instance, went hunting for the data from the 50studies in her meta-analysis, only 8 data sets were available online, and manyof the researchers whom she e-mailed refused to share their work. Forced toextract data from tables or figures in publications, Wolkovich’s team couldconduct only limited analyses
Some communities have agreed to shareonline – geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the GenBankrepository, and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images of galaxies andstars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observedsome 500 million objects – but these remain the exception, not the rule.Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons: it is a lotof work; until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were notpushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formattingdata and the contextual information called metadata; and there is no agreed wayto assign credit for data.
But the barriers are disappearing in part because journals and fundingagencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data public. Lastyear, the Royal Society in London said in its report Science as an OpenEnterprise that scientists need to shift away from a research culture wheredata is viewed as private preserve. Funding agencies note that data paid forwith public money should be public information, and the scientific community isrecognizing that data can now be shared digitally in ways that were not possiblebefore. To match the growing demand, services are springing up to make iteasier to publish research products online and enable other researchers todiscover and cite them.
Although exhortations to share data often concentrate on the moraladvantages of sharing, the practice is not purely altruistic. Researchers whoshare get plenty of personal benefits, including more connections withcolleagues, improved visibility and increased citations. The most successfulsharers – those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often – getnoticed, and their work gets used. For example, one of the most popular datasets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density around theworld; it has been downloaded 5,700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne, a biologist atGeorge Washington University in Washington DC, thinks that users probably rangefrom climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is storedin biomass, to foresters looking for information on different grades of’timber. “I would much prefer to have my data used by the maximum number ofpeople to ask their own questions,” she says “It’s important to allowreaders and reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishingdata and code allows your science to be reproducible “.
79. What do many researchers generally accept?
A. It is imperative to protest scientist’ patents
B .Repositories are essential to scientific research
C. Open data sharing is most important to medical science
D. Open data sharing is conducive to scientific advancement
80. What is the attitude of mostresearchers towards making their own data public?
A. Opposed
B. Ambiguous
C. Liberal
D. Neutral
81. According to the passage, what mighthinder open data sharing
A. The fear of massive copying
B. The lack of a research culture
C. The belief that research is private intellectual property
D. The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it
82. Dryad serves as an example to showhow open data sharing ___
A. is becoming increasingly popular
B. benefits shares and users alike
C. makes researchers successful
D. saves both money and labor
C
Economically speaking, are we better offthan we were ten years ago? Twenty years ago?
In their thirst for evidence on thisissue, commentators seized on the recent report by the Census Bureau, whichfound that average household income rose by 5.2% in 2015.Unfortunately, thatconclusion puts too much weight on a useful, but flawed and incomplete,statistic. Among the more significant problems with the Census’s measure arethat:
1) it excludes taxes, transfers, and compensation like employer-provided healthinsurance;
and 2) it is based on surveys rather than data. Even if preciselymeasured, income data exclude important determinants of economic wellbeing,such as the hours of work needed to earn that income.
While thinking about the question, wecame across a recently published article by Charles Jones and Peter Klenow,which proposes an interesting new measure of economic welfare. While by nomeans perfect, it is considerably more comprehensive than average income,taking into account not only growth in consumption per person but also changesin working time, life expectancy, and inequality. Moreover, it can be used to assesseconomic performance both across countries and over time. The Jones-Klenowmethod can be illustrated by a cross-country example. Suppose we want tocompare the economic welfare of citizens of the U.S. and France in 2005. In2005, as the authors observe: real consumption per person in France was only60% as high as the U.S., making it appear that Americans were economically muchbetter off than the French on average. However, that comparison omits otherrelevant factors: leisure time, life expectancy, and economic inequality. TheFrench take longer vacations and retire earlier, so typically work fewer hours;they enjoy a higher life expectancy, presumably reflecting advantages withrespect to health care, diet, lifestyle, and the like; and income and consumptionare somewhat more equally distributed there than in the U.S. Because of thesedifferences, comparing France’s consumption with the U.S.’s overstates the gapin economic welfare.
Similar calculations can be used tocompare the U.S. and other countries. For example, this calculation putseconomic welfare in the United Kingdom at 97 % of U.S. levels, but estimatesMexican well-being at 22%. The Jones-Klenow measure can also assess aneconomy’s performance over time. According to this measure, as of theearly-to-mid-2000s, the U.S. had the highest economic welfare of any largecountry. Since 2007, economic welfare in the U.S. has continued to improve.However, the pace of improvement has slowed markedly.
Methodologically, the lesson from theJones-Klenow research is that economic welfare is multi-dimensional. Theirapproach is flexible enough that in principle other important quality-of-lifechanges could be incorporated—for example, decreases in total emissions ofpollutants and declines in crime rates.
83. What does the author say about the Jones-Klenow method?
A) It is widely used to compare theeconomic growth across countries.
B) It revolutionizes the way ofmeasuring ordinary people’s livelihood.
C) It focuses on people’s consumptionrather than their average income.
D) It is a more comprehensive measure ofpeople’s economic well-being.
84. What do Jones and Klenow think of the comparison between France and the U.S. in terms of real consumption per person?
A) It reflected the existing big gap betweenthe two economies.
B) It neglected many importantindicators of people’s welfare.
C) It covered up the differences betweenindividual citizens.
D) It failed to count in theirdifference in natural resources.
85. What is an advantage of the Jones-Klenow method?
A) It can accurately pinpoint acountry’s current economic problems.
B) It can help to raise people’sawareness of their economic well-being.
C) It can diagnose the causes of acountry’s slowing pace of economic improvement.
D) It can compare a country’s economicconditions between different periods of time.
86. What can we infer from the passage about American people’s economicwell-being?
A) It is much better than that of theirEuropean counterparts.
B) It has been on the decline ever sincethe turn of the century.
C) It has not improved as much asreported by the Census Bureau.
D) It has not been accurately assessedand reported since mid-2000s.
