【育儿指南】小雪 The Minor Snow

1.孩子脾胃稚嫩，冬季在保证一日三餐正常进食的情况下，少吃油腻、不好消化的油煎食品。

2.孩子饮食以蔬菜为主，适量添加肉食。避免孩子肺热不能排出，出现发热咳嗽等症状。

3.冬季应多吃富含维生素的食物，且以时令蔬菜为主，有效增强身体免疫力。

4.及时补水份。冬季气候干燥，加上室内暖气，孩子容易发生口干、鼻干和咽干等缺水症状。

1. The child’s spleen and stomach are tender, and in winter, under the condition of ensuring normal eating of three meals a day, eat less greasy and poorly digestible fried food.

2. The child’s diet is mainly vegetables, and meat is added in moderation. Avoid symptoms such as fever and cough that cannot be drained from your child’s lungs.

3. In winter, you should eat more vitamin-rich foods, mainly seasonal vegetables, effectively enhance the body’s immunity.

4. Hydrate in time. Dry winter climate, combined with indoor heating, makes children prone to symptoms of dehydration such as dry mouth, dry nose and dry throat.

小雪时节 食物推荐：

小雪时节，在食材选择上，仍以平和、易消化者为主，暂不适于过用温燥、滋腻的食物。这个季节宜吃温补性食物和益肾食品。温补性食物有羊肉、牛肉、鸡肉等；益肾食品有腰果、芡实、山药熬粥、栗子炖肉、白果炖鸡、大骨头汤、核桃等。另外，要多吃黑色食品如黑木耳、黑芝麻、黑豆等。

热粥、热汤由于水分充足，汤液中富含各种食材的营养物质，易于消化吸收，一般更符合“秋冬养阴”的养生要求。

中医专家还认为，冬季应适当吃“苦”以养肾。苦味之品也分两类，一类苦温，如红茶、杏仁等；一类苦寒，如绿茶、莲子芯等。

Traditionally during this time of the year it is recommended that one eats easily digested foods – foods that are high in calories, stimulate the brain and promote circulation.  These foods include lamb, beef, chicken, cashew nuts, ginseng, yam porridge, chestnuts, stewed chicken, meat soups and walnuts, to mention just a few.  In addition, it is recommended that people eat more black fungus, black sesame and black beans during this time period.   

Nutrient dense foods that are high in water content such as hot porridge and hot soup are easy to digest and the nutrients are easily absorbed. 

Traditional Chinese Medicine experts believe that winter is an appropriate time to eat bitter foods in order to nourish the kidneys.  Bitter foods can be divided into two categories.  The first category is bitter and “warm.” This includes foods such as black tea, almonds, and more.  The second category is bitter and “cold” and includes foods such as green tea and lotus seed cores.  

1.及时给孩子增添衣服，但要注意适量增衣，孩子穿的衣服一般比成人多一件即可。

2.长期搁置不穿的衣服极有可能会让孩子发生皮肤过敏、红肿、发痒等症状，建议您将冬季衣服拿出后先进行洗涤、晾晒，以消除过敏因素。

3.冬季寒冷干燥，孩子皮肤易干裂发痒，洗完脸后要及时为孩子面部、手部涂抹润肤霜，这样能有效滋润、适度锁水，缓解干燥状况。

4.冬天孩子起床后会感觉喉咙干，容易咳嗽，在排除患病等原因之后，很可能是室内的湿度比较低引起的。因此，冬季需要对室内进行适当加湿。

1.In order to prevent catching colds it is important to keep our bodies warm. The appropriate amount of clothing, children generally wear one more piece of clothing than adults.

2. Long-term shelving clothes may cause skin allergies, redness, itching and other symptoms, it is recommended that you take out winter clothes, wash and dry them first to eliminate allergic factors.

3. Cold and dry winter, the child’s skin is easy to dry, crack and itch, after washing the face, it is necessary to apply moisturizer to the child’s face and hands in time, which can effectively moisturize, moderately lock water, and relieve dryness.

4. In winter, children will feel dry throat after getting up, easy to cough, except diseases and other reasons, it is likely to be caused by low indoor humidity. Therefore, proper humidification of the room is required in winter.

冬季是各种传染疾病的高发季节，孩子的免疫能力弱，需要家长充分做好孩子的健康护理工作：

1、在冬季天气晴朗的前提下，请保证每天早晚开窗通风两次，每次30分钟左右。保证室内的空气流通，减少空气中细菌的增生。

2、孩子的抵抗力是在体育锻炼过程中逐渐提高的，孩子在户外运动时，身体会经常受到寒冷的刺激，可以增强他们的身体对感冒、气管炎等冬季多发常见疾病的抵抗力。

3、运动时要注意孩子不宜穿得太厚、太臃肿，以免妨碍身体的运动，加重身体的负担，乃至出汗太多，反而招致感冒。

4、教会孩子不要用嘴呼吸，而应采用鼻腔或口鼻混合呼吸的方法，以减轻寒冷空气对呼吸道的不良刺激，避免冷空气刺激引起上呼吸道炎症。

5、冬季腹泻也是孩子冬季常见的疾病，一般是因为感染轮状病毒而引起的，主要通过消化道和呼吸道感染而致病。因此手部卫生非常重要，饭前便后要及时提示孩子认真洗手。

6、小儿肺炎是小儿最常见的一种呼吸系统疾病，是由不同病原体或其他因素所致的肺部炎症。在肺炎高发季节不到人流集中的公共场所活动。父母感冒时应尽可能少接触年幼子女，接触时应戴口罩，避免感染。

Winter is the season of high incidence of various infectious diseases, children’s immune system is weak, parents need to fully do a good job in children’s health care:

1. Under the premise of sunny weather in winter, please ensure that the window is opened twice a day in the morning and evening for ventilation, each time for about 30 minutes. Ensure indoor air circulation and reduce the proliferation of bacteria in the air.

2.As the weather gradually gets colder, children and older adults are encouraged to engage in some form of aerobic exercise and participate in outdoor activities.  Doing so can enhance physical fitness and prevent diseases.