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at 2 years old， their basic movement has developed tremendously. they can walk steadily and run as well. they can not only jump but some can hop also as well as the following: climb up and down the stairs， they can play throwing， hear music and can imitate actions. their fine motor skills are more developed， they can be found building blocks， taking off their shoes and socks， they can also wash their hands compared to before the age of two. babies who are over the age of two have very good muscle development and they can be guided by their own consciousness to what they want to do. maybe before the age of two they would want to play but their muscle development was not good however after the age of two， many gross motor actions can be completed. such as playing with play dough， opening draws and opening boxes. at this time， their movement gives them a very good physical basis for world exploration. children at this age will want to explore their environment and move around a lot and their parents will usually be very tired moving around from place to place with them.

2岁的孩子他的基本动作已经有了很大的发展，比如可以非常稳的走、跑，不仅可以双脚跳，有的可以单脚跳，从上面可以往下面跳；攀爬、上下楼梯、甚至可以踢球、投掷、听到音乐可以模仿动作；精细动作越来越精细和熟练：积木搭建造型、穿脱鞋袜、也可以自己洗手；和两岁以前的宝宝相比，两岁以后的宝宝肌肉已经得到非常大的发展，可以由自己的意识的引导去做大部分他们想做的事情，以前有些东西他们想去玩，但是他肌肉的举措和力度、精细度都是不够的，两岁后，许多大的动作是可以完成的，比如孩子想去玩橡皮泥，他可以走到放橡皮泥的地方，可以打开抽屉，打开盒子，去揉、搓橡皮泥、对橡皮泥进行很多加工。这个时候他的动作发展已经给他对世界的探索提供了非常好的身体基础。从另一方面来讲，孩子也会去很多我们认为不该去的地方，或者去做一些我们成人认为不该做的事情，这个年龄段的孩子家长带起来感觉非常辛苦，因为孩子的运动量很大，家长会非常累，叫苦不迭。

From the cognitive age of two to three years old children are able to use their senses and movements actively and spontaneously. They develop through attention, memory, thinking and the cognitive processes of their surroundings. We often say that the characteristics of some children are that they are interested in the “New Specific” things and that their interest in the “New Specific” things comes from the inside. This is so that the human can adapt to society and become a social person learning basic conditions. It is like saying that children come into this world, God equipped them with very sophisticated hardware facilities and they can upgrade their software system. Children in the process of exploring the world constantly interact with the world to understand and adapt to their environment. For example, a child growing up in music playing family hears all sorts of wonderful music from childhood and this may cultivate a very acute sense of hearing and often a child playing musical instruments have rapid fine motor development, so they “Drive” human survival development of important factors. Two to three-year-old children have a natural curiosity and desire to explore and with the foundation to explore the world of the body we should provide children with a very rich environment, but also pay attention to protect a few factors in the environment of basic security and demonstration of normal operational behavior to the child. In young orchards for example, a teacher might let children use scissors however scissors must be safe so on the one hand the child can satisfy his interest and on the other hand we can help promote child’s intellectual development, to ensure that they are happy.

      从孩子的认知发展来讲，两到三岁的孩子已经能够主动积极的运用自己的感官和动作来进行自发的探索，他是通过对周围的事物的注意、记忆、思考、想象的认知过程来发展。我们常说，儿童的特点就是对“新特异”的事物有兴趣，而这种从内而发的对世界“新特异”事物的兴趣，就是人类能适应社会从而成为一个社会人的基本条件；就好比说，孩子来到这个世界，上天给他装备了非常精良的硬件设施，和一套可以无限升级的软件系统，孩子在探索世界的过程中，不断和世界互动，从而了解并适应所处的环境。比如说，一个音乐世家的孩子，从小听到各种美妙的音乐，从而可能就练就了非常灵敏的听觉，而从小常常玩弄乐器，可能让这个孩子精细动作发展迅速，从而技艺非凡，所以这种“内驱力”是人类得以生存发展的重要因素。两到三岁的孩子有着天然的好奇心和探索欲望，又具备了探索世界的身体基础，我们应该提供孩子非常丰富的环境，但是在环境中注意保护儿童的基本安全，同时给孩子正常操作行为的示范。比如在幼儿园里面，老师可以给两到三岁的孩子使用剪刀，首先剪刀一定是头部是圆润的安全的剪刀，孩子在第一次接触剪刀时，老师会示范给孩子正确的使用方式，包括怎么样正确的传递剪刀，传递剪刀的时候，刀刃是对着自己，握在手心，剪刀的手柄面向别人，孩子在这个时候对剪刀很感兴趣，那么正确教他的时候，一方面可以满足他的兴趣，另外一方面可以帮助促进儿童的智力发展，保证他们有良好的情绪。

0-3 years is the children’s oral English development. 2-3 years is called “the outbreak of language”, vocabulary increases by 1000 a year, they like to hear a high degree of enthusiasm and also like to talk a lot. Some children can even sing some simple songs or retell a little fairy tale. Their language is very expressive but not fully developed until the age of three.  They have relatively poor expression ability before the age of three. This time their emotional development is in rapid weathering, the preliminary bud stage, at a very young age they will have a variety of emotions: happy, angry, sad simple emotions and as they age they would have more complex emotions, such as sorrow, worry, anger, and even envy. A few children have poor language skills, and their emotions often show this as they get angry because they don’t have a purpose or are obstructed and their language ability doesn’t get the right expression so children often cry. Parents must be calm when they cry and try to understand the child’s true will, help the child express themselves correctly. After the age of two children will become aware of the existence of independence. They will realize that they can be their own person. They can now use their actions to prove their independence so now they will be able to say no or I want to do it myself. This is growth and very good development. It cultivates good habits of opportunity. After two years of age we will gradually let them learn to dress themselves especially things like sweeping the floor, taking care of baby toys, playing with a ball. If a child’s basic desire to explore is prevented, it is inevitable that the child will rebel. If parents always want their children to sit still that doesn’t allow them to be allowed to listen to adults, but they may be able to behave in other ways. If a child has great freedom to explore in an environment, he can see, listen and do things in accordance with their inner needs.

       0~3岁是儿童口语的发展期，两到三岁称之为“语言爆发期”，一年的词汇量要至少增加1000个，对听说有高度的积极性，非常喜欢说话，甚至有的孩子可以背一些简单的儿歌，复述童话小故事，主动用语言与同伴和成人交流，虽然表达内容很丰富，但是三岁以前，孩子的语言还并未完全发育好。三岁以前表达能力相对较差，三岁左右，孩子的口语发展才能发展差不多，有了完整的语序、基本的语法和语调。从情感发育来讲，这个时候他的情绪发展正处于迅速风化，初步萌芽的阶段，比如很小的时候他只会有高兴、生气、伤心比较简单的情绪，随着年龄增长，他会有比较复杂的情绪，比如忧愁、担心、气愤、甚至嫉妒；儿童的语言表达能力很差，他的情绪常常因为达不到目的或者受到阻挠而很生气，而语言能力达不到正确表达目的，所以孩子常常通过哭闹，发脾气来达到自己的意愿。所以家长一定要在孩子哭闹时保持冷静，理解孩子的真实意愿，帮助孩子正确表达。两岁以后，孩子会明确意识到“我”的存在。他会意识到我原来可以跟别人不一样的，我是有自己的想法和愿望的，两岁以后，他可以通过行动来体验和证明自己的独立，所以他会说“不”“我不要”“我自己来”。这是孩子成长的必经过程，是一个极好培养自己能力，发展认知、培养好习惯的机会，两岁以后，我们会逐渐让他学会自己穿衣服，特别喜欢扫地，喜欢照顾玩具宝宝，觉得自己特别能干。如果一个孩子的基本的想探索的欲望被阻止，必然会引起孩子的反抗。如果家长总是想让孩子乖乖的坐着，这不允许那不允许，听大人的话，可能孩子表面上听话，但是会通过其他方面来表现他的需要。如果在一个环境里，孩子有极大的自由探索权，可以依照他内在的需要，去看、去听、去做、哪里需要去反抗呢？

At the ages of 2-4 is a period of much importance and a mysterious period of extreme sensitivity to order such as the order of language. There are four seasons, there is day and night, the sun will rise and the road will go right. The routine the child follows in their daily life is important.  Some play then sleeps then its lunch time, all this is a kind of order. This sense of order quality is very important as it is the foundation of establishing the child feeling safe and secure in their environment. For example, you go out for a walk after supper every day then bath and tell stories, if every day is as such then the child can form a kind of order. The child can be predetermined to the environment, they will be in a good mood, they know the sequence of events so they will not be anxious. If the toys they play with at home can be found in the same place when they want to play then the child will be relaxed and confident and they will be friendly to others. However if things are not in one place at a time and people and things change constantly then the child will be very insecure and it will create a lot of anxiety within them.

在2~4岁，是指幼儿对秩序极端敏感非常重要和神秘的时期，是儿童的秩序敏感期。比如这个世界是有秩序的，一年有四季、有白天和黑夜、太阳会升起落下、马路靠右走。对儿童生活而言，一日流程中，几点玩耍、几点睡觉、几点午餐都是一种秩序….秩序感好坏很重要，是建立孩子安全感的基石，比如，你们每天都是晚饭后散步、洗澡、讲小说、如果每天都是这样，那么孩子就会形成一种秩序。孩子对环境是可以预测的，他就会情绪安稳，他知道这件事过后，下一件事是什么，他就不会焦虑。如果在家里玩的玩具想玩的时候都可以在同一个地方找到，那么孩子就很放松、充满自信，他就会对别人友好，如果东西摆放每次都不在一个地方，人和事总是不断变化，那么孩子就很没有安全感而产生焦虑。

Famous Scientific Psychology Experiment

So, if you want your child to have good habits then give your child good conditions to thrive in. If the child does the same thing every day his whole program is very stable step by step and the child’s mood is also steady and relaxed and they will be friendly to the people around them. The order sensitive period has a good effect but it can be said to be a mixed blessing process. The formation of children in order of time is very business-like and is according to the order of events such as children go to school every day from young and they have several park recreation areas to play, if one day because I had something to do I go directly back home, the child may not be able to accept it. If mom always takes a bath, then one day she will cry. Parents do not understand their child’s order sensitive period, they will think that the child is very stubborn and unreasonable but it’s actually because the adult does not understand children. I advise parents to provide an orderly environment for children, such as regular life, frequently do not change the main caregivers, from a young age teach kids to pick up, teach them where things go, insist on small habits. In addition, it is important to maintain the consistency of education with all the family members. It is not one method of education for mom and dad, while grandparents are another way of education which is not conducive to the order formation. For the same person, there should be consistency every time, which can’t be clearly demanded. You do it today, it will be different tomorrow.

       所以，想让孩子形成良好的习惯，一定不要做第二只老鼠，而是要给孩子培养出一个很好的条件反射。如果孩子每天做相同的一件事，他的整个程序一步一步非常稳定，这个孩子的情绪也是安稳而放松的，对周围人是非常友好的。秩序敏感期有很好的作用，但是也可以说是喜忧参半的过程，孩子在刚形成秩序的时候，是非常一板一眼的，按照这个秩序进行活动，比如孩子每天从幼儿园放学都要去游乐区去玩耍，如果有一天因为家里有事要直接回去，孩子可能就不能接受；如果一直都是妈妈给孩子洗澡，有一天换成爸爸，孩子就会哭闹；父母不理解孩子的秩序敏感期，会认为孩子很犟，不通情理，实际上是因为成人不懂孩子。建议家长提供一个有序的环境给孩子，比如生活有规律，不要频繁更换主要照顾者，从小要教会孩子收拾，什么东西放什么位置，坚持很小的时候养成这种习惯；另外要保持家庭成员教育方式的一致性，不能爸爸妈妈是一种教育方法，而爷爷奶奶又是另外一种教育方式，这样不利于秩序的养成。对于同一个人，在时间上也要有一致性，不能明明是这么要求，今天这么做，明天就不一样了。